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=== छन्दः ॥ Chandas ===

=== छन्दस् ॥ Chandas ===

Chandas is a word derived from the dhatu चदि in the meaning of आह्लादे or joy or delight (as given in Shabdakalpadruma). It is regarded as the feet of the Vedapurusha.  

छन्दस् ॥ Chandas is a word derived from the dhatu चदि in the meaning of आह्लादे ॥ ahlade (joy or delight) - as given in Shabdakalpadruma. It is regarded as the feet of the Vedapurusha.

Vedas are bound in छन्दः || chandas or in a metre. Since vedas are highly dependent on the sound or the way they are uttered, chandas is very important for their accurate utterance.  It is  the science for determination of metrical forms and qualities of mantras.

Vedas are bound in छन्दस् || chandas (metre). Since vedas are highly dependent on the sound or the way they are uttered, chandas is very important for their accurate utterance.  It is  the science for determination of metrical forms and qualities of mantras.

The ऋग्वेद || rigveda and सामवेद || samaveda mantras are totally constructed with chandas. यजुर्वेद || Yajurveda has both prose and श्लोक || sloka forms of mantras, and the slokas are all built with appropriate chandas.  

The ऋग्वेद || rigveda and सामवेद || samaveda mantras are totally constructed with chandas. यजुर्वेदः || Yajurveda has both prose and श्लोक || shloka forms of mantras, and the shlokas are all built with appropriate chandas.  

वैदिक छन्दः || Vaidikachandas is different from chandas and meters of poems in classical sanskrit. Vaidikachandas is अक्षर प्रधानं || Akshara pradhanam or the number of letters is significant to understand the छन्दः || chandas and not the मात्रा || maatras (Morae). In classical samskrit the number of syllables as well as quality (Laghu and Guru) are taken into account <ref name=":12">Choudhury, Goutam (2007) Ph. D Thesis Titled:  [http://hdl.handle.net/10603/66639 The Vrttamanjari of Dhiresvaracharya : A critical study]. University of Gauhati</ref>. The general सूत्र || sutras as applicable to classical sanskrit is not applicable to वैदिक छन्दः || Vaidikachandas.

वैदिकछन्दाः || Vaidikachandas is different from chandas and meters of poems in classical sanskrit. Vaidikachandas is अक्षरप्रधानम् || Akshara pradhana. So, the number of letters is significant to understand the chandas and not the मात्राः || matras (Morae). In classical sanskrit, the number of syllables as well as quality (Laghu and Guru) are taken into account <ref name=":123">Choudhury, Goutam (2007) Ph. D Thesis Titled:  [http://hdl.handle.net/10603/66639 The Vrttamanjari of Dhiresvaracharya : A critical study]. University of Gauhati</ref>. The general सूत्राणि || sutras as applicable to classical sanskrit are not applicable to वैदिकछन्दाः || Vaidikachandas.

Pingalacharyas चन्दःसुत्रं ||"Chandahsutram" is a work which gives information about vaidikachandas. The number of letters range from 1 to 104. Based on the number of letters each chandas has a different name. There are seven principle chandas in Vedas<ref name=":12" />

Pingalacharya’s चन्दःसूत्रम् ॥ Chandassutra is a work which gives information about vaidikachandas. The number of letters range from 1 to 104. Based on the number of letters, each chandas has a different name. There are seven principle chandas in Vedas<ref name=":123" />

{| class="wikitable"

{| class="wikitable"

!Chandas Name

!Chandas Name

!Paadas and Syllables

!पादाः ॥ Padas and Syllables

!Total number of Syllables

!Total number of Syllables

|-

|-

|<nowiki>गायत्री || Gayatri</nowiki>

|<nowiki>गायत्री || Gayatri</nowiki>

|3 paadas of 8 syllables

|3 padas of 8 syllables

|24

|24

|-

|-

|<nowiki>उष्निक् || Ushnik</nowiki>

|<nowiki>उष्णिक् || Ushnik</nowiki>

|4 paadas of 7 syllables  

|4 padas of 7 syllables  

|28

|28

|-

|-

|<nowiki>अनुस्तुप् || Anustup</nowiki>

|<nowiki>अनुष्टुप् || Anushtup</nowiki>

|4 paadas of 8 syllables

|4 padas of 8 syllables

|32

|32

|-

|-

|<nowiki>बृहती || Brhati</nowiki>

|<nowiki>बृहती || Brhati</nowiki>

|4 paadas of 9 syllables

|4 padas of 9 syllables

|36

|36

|-

|-

|<nowiki>पङ्कती || Pankti</nowiki>

|<nowiki>पङ्क्तिः || Pankti</nowiki>

|4 paadas of 10 syllables

|4 padas of 10 syllables

|40

|40

|-

|-

|<nowiki>त्रिस्तुप् || Tristup</nowiki>

|<nowiki>त्रिष्टुप् || Trishtup</nowiki>

|4 paadas of 11 syllables

|4 padas of 11 syllables

|44

|44

|-

|-

|<nowiki>जगति || Jagati</nowiki>

|<nowiki>जगती || Jagati</nowiki>

|4 paadas of 12 syllables

|4 padas of 12 syllables

|48

|48

|}अस्थि || Asthi (64), प्रकृति || Prakriti (84), विकृति || Vikruti (92) अभिकृति || Abhikruti (100) and उत्कृति || Utkruti (104 अक्षराणि || aksharani) are a few other Vedic chandas according to other classifications. Other texts dealing with Chandas include Rkpratisakhya, Sankhyayana Srauta sutras and Nidana Sutra of Samaveda.<ref>Introduction to [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/vedangas/chanda/ Chandas]</ref> Devotional works are constructed in other meters mostly different from vedic meters. The first Rig veda Suktam - Agni suktam is in the Gayatri meter.<ref name=":03">Chandas as discoursed by Sri Sri Sri. Chandrasekharendra Saraswati Swamiji compiled in [http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part8/chap5.htm Hindu Dharma]</ref>

|}अष्टिः || Ashti (64), प्रकृतिः || Prakrti (84), विकृतिः || Vikrti (92), अभिकृतिः || Abhikrti (100), उत्कृतिः || Utkrti (104) are a few other Vedic chandas according to other classifications. Other texts dealing with Chandas include Rkpratishakhya, Shankhayana Shrauta sutras and Nidana Sutra of Samaveda.<ref>Introduction to [http://vedicheritage.gov.in/vedangas/chanda/ Chandas]</ref> Devotional works are constructed in other meters mostly different from vedic meters. The first Rig veda Sukta - Agni sukta is in the Gayatri meter.<ref name=":033">Chandas as discoursed by Sri Sri Sri. Chandrasekharendra Saraswati Swamiji compiled in [http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part8/chap5.htm Hindu Dharma]</ref>

=== ज्योतिषम् ॥ Jyotisham ===

=== ज्योतिषम् ॥ Jyotisham ===

Lagadha is regarded as the author of ancient Jyotisha. It is study of the Universe,i.e.,astrology or astronomy to determine the configuration and position of stars and planets etc., in order to fix favorable or propitious times for performing यज्ञ || Yagas or Hindu rituals.  

Lagadha is regarded as the author of ancient Jyotisha. It is study of the Universe,i.e.,astrology or astronomy to determine the configuration and position of stars and planets etc., in order to fix favorable or propitious times for performing यज्ञ || Yagas or Hindu rituals.