Tamas (तमः) - Revision history

Ckanak93: Added link to the Guna-Dosha survey website

2023-05-19T11:09:54Z

Added link to the Guna-Dosha survey website

DrDevashree: removed template

2021-03-01T12:48:14Z

removed template

DrDevashree: added label

2021-02-24T11:38:34Z

added label

DrDevashree at 11:53, 19 February 2021

2021-02-19T11:53:08Z

DrDevashree: /* तमोबहुल्यजनिताः विकाराः ॥ Diseases originating from Tamas dominance */

2021-02-17T13:00:09Z

तमोबहुल्यजनिताः विकाराः ॥ Diseases originating from Tamas dominance

DrDevashree: /* मनोदोषः तमः ॥ Tamas as dosha of manas */

2021-02-15T12:16:33Z

मनोदोषः तमः ॥ Tamas as dosha of manas

DrDevashree at 13:46, 10 February 2021

2021-02-10T13:46:23Z

DrDevashree at 13:21, 10 February 2021

2021-02-10T13:21:23Z

DrDevashree at 13:05, 10 February 2021

2021-02-10T13:05:23Z

Show changes

DrDevashree at 12:19, 10 February 2021

2021-02-10T12:19:29Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 The word Tamas is commonly used to indicate Darkness in samskrit. Tamas (तमः) is one of the [[Trigunas (त्रिगुणाः)|Trigunas]]. It is also believed to be one of the [[Doshas (दोषाः)|doshas]] of [[Manas (मनः)|manas]] (mind). Commonly, this term refers to not just the absence of light in external environment but some obstruction in mind or senses that inhibits an individual to gain real knowledge of the situation either internal or external. Therefore it is also used as synonym for terms that indicate ignorance or error. However it is the characteristic quality of manas or mind according to Ayurveda while mode of material energy according to other bharatiya shastras.
 == भगवद्गीतावर्णितः तमोगुणः॥ Tamas according to Bhagvad gita ==
 Bhagavad Gita (भगवद्गीता) is a dialogue between Lord Krishna and Arjuna, narrated in the Bhishma Parva of the [[Mahabharata (महाभारतम्)|Mahabharata]]. In the 14th discourse of Bhagvad Gita, Lord Krishna narrates the role of Trigunas in one's life. At this place, Tamas guna has been described by lord Krishna.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{ToBeEdited}}The word Tamas is commonly used to indicate Darkness in samskrit. Tamas (तमः) is one of the [[Trigunas (त्रिगुणाः)|Trigunas]]. It is also believed to be one of the [[Doshas (दोषाः)|doshas]] of [[Manas (मनः)|manas]] (mind). Commonly, this term refers to not just the absence of light in external environment but some obstruction in mind or senses that inhibits an individual to gain real knowledge of the situation either internal or external. Therefore it is also used as synonym for terms that indicate ignorance or error. However it is the characteristic quality of manas or mind according to Ayurveda while mode of material energy according to other bharatiya shastras.
+The word Tamas is commonly used to indicate Darkness in samskrit. Tamas (तमः) is one of the [[Trigunas (त्रिगुणाः)|Trigunas]]. It is also believed to be one of the [[Doshas (दोषाः)|doshas]] of [[Manas (मनः)|manas]] (mind). Commonly, this term refers to not just the absence of light in external environment but some obstruction in mind or senses that inhibits an individual to gain real knowledge of the situation either internal or external. Therefore it is also used as synonym for terms that indicate ignorance or error. However it is the characteristic quality of manas or mind according to Ayurveda while mode of material energy according to other bharatiya shastras.
 == भगवद्गीतावर्णितः तमोगुणः॥ Tamas according to Bhagvad gita ==
 Bhagavad Gita (भगवद्गीता) is a dialogue between Lord Krishna and Arjuna, narrated in the Bhishma Parva of the [[Mahabharata (महाभारतम्)|Mahabharata]]. In the 14th discourse of Bhagvad Gita, Lord Krishna narrates the role of Trigunas in one's life. At this place, Tamas guna has been described by lord Krishna.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:38, 24 February 2021
Line 75:		Line 75:
	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
		+	[[Category:Ayurveda]]

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 Meaning: Rajas and Tamas are considered as 2 doshas of manas.
-== मनसि तमोबाहुल्यलक्षणानि ॥ Signs of Tamas dominance in manas: ==
+== मनसि तमोबाहुल्यलक्षणानि ॥ Signs of Tamas dominance in manas ==
-When Tamas dosha overpowers sattva and rajas in manas, the person shows peculiar behavior. The mind, body, emotions and behavior of the person which hints towards Tamas dominance is described by Ayurveda acharyas as below.
+When Tamas dosha overpowers sattva and rajas in manas, the person shows peculiar behavior. The mind, body, emotions and behavior of the person which hints towards Tamas predominance is described by Ayurveda acharyas as below.
 <blockquote>तामसान्यज्ञानं विषादः प्रमादो निद्राऽऽलस्यं क्षुत्तृष्णाशोको मात्सर्यं विप्रतिपत्तिः परातिसन्धानं सत्त्वगुण वैपरीत्यं च॥ (Asht Samg 5.21)<ref name=":0">Ashtang Samgraha ([http://vedotpatti.in/samhita/Vag/esangraha/?mod=read Sharirsthanam Adhyaya 5 Sutram 21])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>tāmasānyajñānaṁ viṣādaḥ pramādo nidrā<nowiki>''</nowiki>lasyaṁ kṣuttr̥ṣṇāśoko mātsaryaṁ vipratipattiḥ parātisandhānaṁ sattvaguṇa-vaiparītyaṁ ca॥ (Asht Samg 5.21)<ref name=":0" /></blockquote>

@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 == तामस मद लक्षणानि॥ Signs when the person with Tamas dominance is intoxicated ==
-Tamas mada is an exclusive concept in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has described effects of intoxication due to excessively taken or inappropriately taken madyam (alcohol) or any other intoxicating drug. The state of such intoxication is considered abnormal and demands medical intervention. Ayurveda acharyas have also described the symptoms of such intoxication depending upon the dominance of sattva, rajas and tamas in manas of the intoxicated individual. This helps a vaidya to decide the line of treatment specific to that patient and helps to get that individual out of that state of misery quickly. The symptoms of intoxication in a person having tamas dominance are described by acharya Sushruta as below.<blockquote>अशौचनिद्रामात्सर्यागम्यागमनलोलताः।</blockquote><blockquote>असत्यभाषणं चापि कुर्याद्धि तामसे मदः॥ (Sush Samh 45.209)<ref name=":1">Sushrut Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/?mod=read Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 45 Sutram 209])</ref></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote><blockquote>aśaucanidrāmātsaryāgamyāgamanalolatāḥ।</blockquote><blockquote>asatyabhāṣaṇaṁ cāpi kuryāddhi tāmase madaḥ॥ (Sush Samh 45.209)<ref name=":1" /></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote>Meaning: Uncleanliness, sleepiness, jealousy, incest, greed, lying behavior is observed in intoxication in Tamasika individual or in Tamas mada.
+Tamas mada is an exclusive concept in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has described effects of intoxication due to excessively taken or inappropriately taken madyam (alcohol) or any other intoxicating drug. The state of such intoxication is considered abnormal and demands medical intervention. Ayurveda acharyas have also described the symptoms of such intoxication depending upon the dominance of sattva, rajas and tamas in manas of the intoxicated individual. This helps a vaidya to decide the line of treatment specific to that patient and helps to get that individual out of that state of misery quickly. The symptoms of intoxication in a person having tamas dominance are described by acharya Sushruta as below.<blockquote>अशौचनिद्रामात्सर्यागम्यागमनलोलताः। असत्यभाषणं चापि कुर्याद्धि तामसे मदः॥ (Sush Samh 45.209)<ref name=":1">Sushrut Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/?mod=read Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 45 Sutram 209])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>aśaucanidrāmātsaryāgamyāgamanalolatāḥ। asatyabhāṣaṇaṁ cāpi kuryāddhi tāmase madaḥ॥ (Sush Samh 45.209)<ref name=":1" /></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote>Meaning: Uncleanliness, sleepiness, jealousy, incest, greed, lying behavior is observed in intoxication in Tamasika individual or in Tamas mada.
 == तमोबहुल्यजनिताः विकाराः ॥ Diseases originating from Tamas dominance ==
@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 == रजस्तमसो अनुबन्धः ॥ Correlation between rajas and tamas ==
-It is said that There exists a fixed relatioship between rajas and tamas as doshas of mind. This association or union between the 2 doshas of mind is eternal. Tamas can not manifest its actions without rajas.
+It is said that There exists a fixed relatioship between rajas and tamas as doshas of mind. This association or union between the 2 doshas of mind is eternal. Tamas can not manifest its actions without rajas. <blockquote>नियतस्त्वनुबन्धो रजस्तमसोः परस्परं, न ह्यरजस्कं तमः प्रवर्तते॥ (Char Samh 6.9)<ref>Charak Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read Vimanasthanam Adhyayam 6 Sutram 9)]</ref></blockquote><blockquote>niyatastvanubandho rajastamasoḥ parasparaṁ, na hyarajaskaṁ tamaḥ pravartate॥ (Char Samh 6.9)</blockquote>
 == मोक्ष-तमसयोः संबंधः ॥ Role of Tamas in Moksha ==
-[[Moksha (मोक्षः)|Moksha]] is considered to be liberation of soul from mortal body and its union with the ultimate salvation. It is believed that purusha or soul is trapped in the mortal body and suffers from karmas. This bond of atma and shareera is because of trigunas as per Bhagvad Gita.
+[[Moksha (मोक्षः)|Moksha]] is considered to be liberation of soul from mortal body and its union with the supreme consciousness. It is believed that purusha or soul is trapped in the mortal body and suffers from karmas. This bond of atma and shareera is because of trigunas as per Bhagvad Gita. <blockquote>सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणा: प्रकृतिसम्भवा: | निबध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्ययम् ॥ (Bhagvad Gita 14.5)</blockquote><blockquote>sattvaṁ rajastama iti guṇā: prakr̥tisambhavā: | nibadhnanti mahābāho dehe dehinamavyayam ॥ (Bhagvad Gita 14.5)</blockquote>Thus, when Ayurveda discusses about Atma, Karma and Moksha; acharyas have described the process of Moksha at the level of mind and soul. It is stated that Moksha  is achieved only after annihilation of effects of potent past actions/deeds and when there is absence of rajas and tamas in the mind. At this stage there is detachment of [[Sharira (शरीरम्)|sharira]], [[Manas (मनः)|manas]], [[Indriyas (इन्द्रियाणि)|indriyas]] and [[Atman (आत्मन्)|atma]].
 <blockquote>मोक्षो रजस्तमोऽभावात् बलवत्कर्मसङ्क्षयात् | वियोगः सर्वसंयोगैरपुनर्भव उच्यते ॥ (Char. Samh. 1.142)<ref>Charaka Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read Sharirsthanam Adhyaya 1 Sutram 142])</ref></blockquote><blockquote>mokṣo rajastamo'bhāvāt balavatkarmasaṅkṣayāt | viyogaḥ sarvasaṁyogairapunarbhava ucyate ॥ (Char. Samh. 1.142)</blockquote>

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 Meaning: Delusion, Depression, errors or wrong decisions, sleepiness, laziness, excess hunger, excess thirst, grief, jealousy, erroneous perception, cheating behavior and everything that is opposite to virtue sattva in a human being is caused by Tamas dosha of mind.
-== तामसिकप्रकृतिपुरुषस्य लक्षणानि॥ Tamasika prakrti signs ==
+== तामसप्रकृतिपुरुषस्य लक्षणानि॥ Tamasika prakrti signs ==
 [[Prakrti in Ayurveda (प्रकृतिः)|Prakrti]] refers to the specific body type/ nature/ constitution of the individual. Guna prakrti is the type of Prakrti which is related to one's psychological status, emotions and instincts. It can be called as mind-type of an individual. On the basis of dominance of Sattva, rajas or tamas in manas of purusha, the person's Guna prakrti is considered as either Sattvik, rajas or tamas. When the Tamas overpowers sattva and rajas in manas of an inidividual since birth that persons mind-type is called as Tamas prakrti. Acharya Sushruta has described the characteristics of such individual as below.

@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 Meaning: Rajas and Tamas are doshas of manas. The disorders caused by them are lust, anger, greed, delusion, jealousy, ego, intoxication, grief, stress, anxiety, fear and excitement etc. ...The causes for aggravation of these doshas are 3 viz. unwholesome contact with the object of senses, intellectual errors, and seasonal vagaries.
-== Correlation of rajas and tamas ==
+== रजस्तमसो अनुबन्धः ॥ Correlation between rajas and tamas ==
-नियतस्त्वनुबन्धो रजस्तमसोः परस्परं, न ह्यरजस्कं तमः प्रवर्तते <sup>[१]</sup> ||९|| Cha vi 6/9
+It is said that There exists a fixed relatioship between rajas and tamas as doshas of mind. This association or union between the 2 doshas of mind is eternal. Tamas can not manifest its actions without rajas.
-== Role of Tamas in Moksha ==
+नियतस्त्वनुबन्धो रजस्तमसोः परस्परं, न ह्यरजस्कं तमः प्रवर्तते॥ (Char Samh 6.9)<ref>Charak Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read Vimanasthanam Adhyayam 6 Sutram 9)]</ref>
-वियोगः सर्वसंयोगैरपुनर्भव उच्यते||१४२||  Cha  sha 1/142
+niyatastvanubandho rajastamasoḥ parasparaṁ, na hyarajaskaṁ tamaḥ pravartate॥ (Char Samh 6.9)
 <references />

@@ Line 56: / Line 56: @@
 Tamas mada is an exclusive concept in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has described effects of intoxication due to excessively taken or inappropriately taken madyam (alcohol) or any other intoxicating drug. The state of such intoxication is considered abnormal and demands medical intervention. Ayurveda acharyas have also described the symptoms of such intoxication depending upon the dominance of sattva, rajas and tamas in manas of the intoxicated individual. This helps a vaidya to decide the line of treatment specific to that patient and helps to get that individual out of that state of misery quickly. The symptoms of intoxication in a person having tamas dominance are described by acharya Sushruta as below.<blockquote>अशौचनिद्रामात्सर्यागम्यागमनलोलताः।</blockquote><blockquote>असत्यभाषणं चापि कुर्याद्धि तामसे मदः॥ (Sush Samh 45.209)<ref name=":1">Sushrut Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esushruta/?mod=read Sutrasthanam Adhyaya 45 Sutram 209])</ref></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote><blockquote>aśaucanidrāmātsaryāgamyāgamanalolatāḥ।</blockquote><blockquote>asatyabhāṣaṇaṁ cāpi kuryāddhi tāmase madaḥ॥ (Sush Samh 45.209)<ref name=":1" /></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote>Meaning: Uncleanliness, sleepiness, jealousy, incest, greed, lying behavior is observed in intoxication in Tamasika individual or in Tamas mada.
-== Rogas originating from Rajas dominance ==
+== तमोबहुल्यजनिताः विकाराः ॥ Diseases originating from Tamas dominance ==
-रजस्तमश्च मानसौ दोषौ|
+Tamas being dosha of manas it is believed to be responsible for development of various physical and psychological ailments. Acharya charaka has described various emotional and behavioral abnormalities related to excess of Rajas and tamas doshas and they are as belows.
-तयोर्विकाराः कामक्रोधलोभमोहेर्ष्यामानमदशोकचित्तो(न्तो)द्वेगभयहर्षादयः|
+<blockquote>रजस्तमश्च मानसौ दोषौ । तयोर्विकाराः कामक्रोधलोभमोहेर्ष्यामानमदशोकचित्तो(न्तो)द्वेगभयहर्षादयः|...</blockquote><blockquote>....तत्र खल्वेषां द्वयानामपि दोषाणां त्रिविधं प्रकोपणं; तद्यथा- असात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः, प्रज्ञापराधः, परिणामश्चेति॥ (Char Samh 6.6.)<ref>Charak Samhita ([http://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?mod=read Vimanasthanam Adhyayam 6 Sutram 6])</ref> </blockquote><blockquote></blockquote><blockquote>rajastamaśca mānasau doṣau । tayorvikārāḥ kāmakrodhalobhamoherṣyāmānamadaśokacitto(nto)dvegabhayaharṣādayaḥ|...</blockquote><blockquote>....tatra khalveṣāṁ dvayānāmapi doṣāṇāṁ trividhaṁ prakopaṇaṁ; tadyathā- asātmyendriyārthasaṁyogaḥ, prajñāparādhaḥ, pariṇāmaśceti॥ (Char Samh 6.6.)</blockquote>
-तत्र खल्वेषां द्वयानामपि दोषाणां त्रिविधं प्रकोपणं; तद्यथा- असात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः, प्रज्ञापराधः, परिणामश्चेति||६|| Cha vi 6/6
+Meaning: Rajas and Tamas are doshas of manas. The disorders caused by them are lust, anger, greed, delusion, jealousy, ego, intoxication, grief, stress, anxiety, fear and excitement etc. ...The causes for aggravation of these doshas are 3 viz. unwholesome contact with the object of senses, intellectual errors, and seasonal vagaries.
 == Correlation of rajas and tamas ==