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Line 28: − + − *Perceiving the quick overthrow of unrighteous and wicked people, one should not turn one's mind towards unrighteousness, even though suffering in consequence of righteousness. (Manu. Smrt. 4.171).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>न सीदन्नपि धर्मेण मनोऽधर्मे निवेशयेत् । अधार्मिकानां पापानां आशु पश्यन्विपर्ययम् || ४.१७१ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na sīdannapi dharmeṇa mano'dharme niveśayet । adhārmikānāṁ pāpānāṁ āśu paśyanviparyayam || 4.171 ||</blockquote>+ − *Adharma (unrighteousness), practised in this world, does not, like the Earth (or the Cow) bring its fruit immediately; but, accumulating gradually, it cuts off the roots of the perpetrator. (Manu. Smrt. 4.172).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>नाधर्मश्चरितो लोके सद्यः फलति गौरिव । शनैरावर्त्यमानस्तु कर्तुर्मूलानि कृन्तति || ४.१७२ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nādharmaścarito loke sadyaḥ phalati gauriva । śanairāvartyamānastu karturmūlāni kr̥ntati || 4.172 ||</blockquote>+ − *If the fruit of adharma doesn't fall on the doer himself, it falls on his sons, if not on the sons then surely on his grandsons; but one does not get free without having to experience the fruit of one's actions. (Manu. Smrt. 4.173).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>यदि नात्मनि पुत्रेषु न चेत्पुत्रेषु नप्तृषु । न त्वेव तु कृतोऽधर्मः कर्तुर्भवति निष्फलः || ४.१७३ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>yadi nātmani putreṣu na cetputreṣu naptr̥ṣu । na tveva tu kr̥to'dharmaḥ karturbhavati niṣphalaḥ || 4.173 ||</blockquote>+ − *A person on the path of adharma, prospers at first, through wealth, experiences happiness and conquers his enemies, but at last, he is destroyed from the roots. (Manu. Smrt. 4.174).<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>अधर्मेणैधते तावत्ततो भद्राणि पश्यति । ततः सपत्नान्जयति समूलस्तु विनश्यति || ४.१७४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adharmeṇaidhate tāvattato bhadrāṇi paśyati । tataḥ sapatnānjayati samūlastu vinaśyati || 4.174 ||</blockquote>+ − +
→सत्यवादित्वम् ॥ Righteousness, truthfulness: Editing and moving content to Adharma page; added hyperlink
*Though entitled to accept presents, one should avoid addiction to it; because, by receiving gifts, one's adhyatmik light is quickly extinguished. (Manu Smrt. 4.186).<ref name=":3" /> An ignorant brahmana who wishes to accept donations, sinks to the hell along with the donor like how those seated in a boat made of stone submerge in water. (Manu. Smrt. 4.190).<ref name=":1">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press.</ref><blockquote>प्रतिग्रहसमर्थोऽपि प्रसङ्गं तत्र वर्जयेत् । प्रतिग्रहेण ह्यस्याशु ब्राह्मं तेजः प्रशाम्यति || ४.१८६ ||</blockquote><blockquote>अतपास्त्वनधीयानः प्रतिग्रहरुचिर्द्विजः । अम्भस्यश्मप्लवेनेव सह तेनैव मज्जति || ४.१९० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>pratigrahasamartho'pi prasaṅgaṁ tatra varjayet । pratigraheṇa hyasyāśu brāhmaṁ tejaḥ praśāmyati || 4.186 ||</blockquote><blockquote>atapāstvanadhīyānaḥ pratigraharucirdvijaḥ । ambhasyaśmaplaveneva saha tenaiva majjati || 4.190 ||</blockquote>
*Though entitled to accept presents, one should avoid addiction to it; because, by receiving gifts, one's adhyatmik light is quickly extinguished. (Manu Smrt. 4.186).<ref name=":3" /> An ignorant brahmana who wishes to accept donations, sinks to the hell along with the donor like how those seated in a boat made of stone submerge in water. (Manu. Smrt. 4.190).<ref name=":1">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press.</ref><blockquote>प्रतिग्रहसमर्थोऽपि प्रसङ्गं तत्र वर्जयेत् । प्रतिग्रहेण ह्यस्याशु ब्राह्मं तेजः प्रशाम्यति || ४.१८६ ||</blockquote><blockquote>अतपास्त्वनधीयानः प्रतिग्रहरुचिर्द्विजः । अम्भस्यश्मप्लवेनेव सह तेनैव मज्जति || ४.१९० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>pratigrahasamartho'pi prasaṅgaṁ tatra varjayet । pratigraheṇa hyasyāśu brāhmaṁ tejaḥ praśāmyati || 4.186 ||</blockquote><blockquote>atapāstvanadhīyānaḥ pratigraharucirdvijaḥ । ambhasyaśmaplaveneva saha tenaiva majjati || 4.190 ||</blockquote>
==अहिंसा ॥ Non-violence==
==अहिंसा ॥ Non-violence==
*One should not injure one's Preceptor, Teacher, Father, mother, another elder, Brahmanas, Cows, or any persons performing austerities. (Manu. Smrt. 4.162).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>आचार्यं च प्रवक्तारं पितरं मातरं गुरुम् । न हिंस्याद्ब्राह्मणान्गाश्च सर्वांश्चैव तपस्विनः || ४.१६२ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ācāryaṁ ca pravaktāraṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ gurum । na hiṁsyādbrāhmaṇāngāśca sarvāṁścaiva tapasvinaḥ || 4.162 ||</blockquote>
Talking of non-violence, the Bhagavata Purana says,<blockquote>नैतादृशः परो धर्मो नृणां सद्धर्ममिच्छताम् न्यासो दण्डस्य भूतेषु मनोवाक्कायजस्य यः ८<ref>Bhagavata Purana, Skanda 6, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AD/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB Adhyaya 15].</ref></blockquote><blockquote>''naitādr̥śaḥ parō dharmō nr̥ṇāṁ saddharmamicchatām nyāsō daṇḍasya bhūtēṣu manōvākkāyajasya yaḥ 8''</blockquote>Meaning: For those people who desire to follow the right course of conduct, there is no supreme dharma other than abstinence from violence to living beings caused by thought, word and deed.<ref>Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, The Bhagavata Purana (Part III), Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology (Volume 9), Edited by J.L.Shastri, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, P.no.[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150116/page/n115/mode/2up 985-996].</ref>
While the Manusmrti gives the following guidelines.
*<blockquote>One should not injure one's Preceptor, Teacher, Father, mother, another elder, Brahmanas, Cows, or any persons performing austerities. (Manu. Smrt. 4.162).<ref name=":3" /></blockquote><blockquote>आचार्यं च प्रवक्तारं पितरं मातरं गुरुम् । न हिंस्याद्ब्राह्मणान्गाश्च सर्वांश्चैव तपस्विनः || ४.१६२ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>ācāryaṁ ca pravaktāraṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ gurum । na hiṁsyādbrāhmaṇāngāśca sarvāṁścaiva tapasvinaḥ || 4.162 ||</blockquote>
*One should avoid disbelief and finding faults in the [[Vedas (वेदाः)|Vedas]], abusing of the deities, hatred, haughtiness, pride, anger and hastiness. (Manu. Smrt. 4.163).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>नास्तिक्यं वेदनिन्दां च देवतानां च कुत्सनम् । द्वेषं दम्भं च मानं च क्रोधं तैक्ष्ण्यं च वर्जयेत् || ४.१६३ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nāstikyaṁ vedanindāṁ ca devatānāṁ ca kutsanam । dveṣaṁ dambhaṁ ca mānaṁ ca krodhaṁ taikṣṇyaṁ ca varjayet || 4.163 ||</blockquote>
*One should avoid disbelief and finding faults in the [[Vedas (वेदाः)|Vedas]], abusing of the deities, hatred, haughtiness, pride, anger and hastiness. (Manu. Smrt. 4.163).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>नास्तिक्यं वेदनिन्दां च देवतानां च कुत्सनम् । द्वेषं दम्भं च मानं च क्रोधं तैक्ष्ण्यं च वर्जयेत् || ४.१६३ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>nāstikyaṁ vedanindāṁ ca devatānāṁ ca kutsanam । dveṣaṁ dambhaṁ ca mānaṁ ca krodhaṁ taikṣṇyaṁ ca varjayet || 4.163 ||</blockquote>
*One should not, when angry, raise the rod against another person, nor should one let it fall; except in the case of the son or the pupil; these two one may beat with a view to correction. (Manu. Smrt. 4.164).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेत्क्रुद्धो नैनं निपातयेत् । अन्यत्र पुत्राच्छिष्याद्वा शिष्ट्यर्थं ताडयेत्तु तौ || ४.१६४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>parasya daṇḍaṁ nodyacchetkruddho nainaṁ nipātayet । anyatra putrācchiṣyādvā śiṣṭyarthaṁ tāḍayettu tau || 4.164 ||</blockquote>
*One should not, when angry, raise the rod against another person, nor should one let it fall; except in the case of the son or the pupil; these two one may beat with a view to correction. (Manu. Smrt. 4.164).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेत्क्रुद्धो नैनं निपातयेत् । अन्यत्र पुत्राच्छिष्याद्वा शिष्ट्यर्थं ताडयेत्तु तौ || ४.१६४ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>parasya daṇḍaṁ nodyacchetkruddho nainaṁ nipātayet । anyatra putrācchiṣyādvā śiṣṭyarthaṁ tāḍayettu tau || 4.164 ||</blockquote>
*One should always delight in truthfulness, dharma and right conduct, as also in cleanliness; one should discipline one's pupils in accordance with dharma - with the speech, arms, and belly duly controlled. (Manu. Smrt. 4.175).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>सत्यधर्मार्यवृत्तेषु शौचे चैवारमेत्सदा । शिष्यांश्च शिष्याद्धर्मेण वाग्बाहूदरसंयतः || ४.१७५ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>satyadharmāryavr̥tteṣu śauce caivārametsadā । śiṣyāṁśca śiṣyāddharmeṇa vāgbāhūdarasaṁyataḥ || 4.175 ||</blockquote>
*One should always delight in truthfulness, dharma and right conduct, as also in cleanliness; one should discipline one's pupils in accordance with dharma - with the speech, arms, and belly duly controlled. (Manu. Smrt. 4.175).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>सत्यधर्मार्यवृत्तेषु शौचे चैवारमेत्सदा । शिष्यांश्च शिष्याद्धर्मेण वाग्बाहूदरसंयतः || ४.१७५ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>satyadharmāryavr̥tteṣu śauce caivārametsadā । śiṣyāṁśca śiṣyāddharmeṇa vāgbāhūdarasaṁyataḥ || 4.175 ||</blockquote>
*One should avoid such wealth and pleasures as are opposed to righteousness, as also righteousness if it be conducive to unhappiness, or disapproved by the people. (Manu. Smrt. 4.176).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>परित्यजेदर्थकामौ यौ स्यातां धर्मवर्जितौ । धर्मं चाप्यसुखोदर्कं लोकसंक्रुष्टं एव च || ४.१७६ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>parityajedarthakāmau yau syātāṁ dharmavarjitau । dharmaṁ cāpyasukhodarkaṁ lokasaṁkruṣṭaṁ eva ca || 4.176 ||</blockquote>
*One should avoid such wealth and pleasures as are opposed to righteousness, as also righteousness if it be conducive to unhappiness, or disapproved by the people. (Manu. Smrt. 4.176).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>परित्यजेदर्थकामौ यौ स्यातां धर्मवर्जितौ । धर्मं चाप्यसुखोदर्कं लोकसंक्रुष्टं एव च || ४.१७६ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>parityajedarthakāmau yau syātāṁ dharmavarjitau । dharmaṁ cāpyasukhodarkaṁ lokasaṁkruṣṭaṁ eva ca || 4.176 ||</blockquote>
*One who is unrighteous, whose wealth is begotten unrighteously, and one who is always addicted to injuring, never obtains happiness in this world. (Manu. Smrt. 4.170).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>अधार्मिको नरो यो हि यस्य चाप्यनृतं धनम् । हिंसारतश्च यो नित्यं नेहासौ सुखम् एधते || ४.१७० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>adhārmiko naro yo hi yasya cāpyanr̥taṁ dhanam । hiṁsārataśca yo nityaṁ nehāsau sukhaṁ edhate || 4.170 ||</blockquote>
* Also, taking lesson from the quick overthrow of unrighteous and wicked people, one should avoid turning one's mind towards unrighteousness, even if suffering in consequence of righteousness. (Manu. Smrt. 4.171).<ref name=":3" />
<blockquote>न सीदन्नपि धर्मेण मनोऽधर्मे निवेशयेत् । अधार्मिकानां पापानां आशु पश्यन्विपर्ययम् || ४.१७१ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>na sīdannapi dharmeṇa mano'dharme niveśayet । adhārmikānāṁ pāpānāṁ āśu paśyanviparyayam || 4.171 ||</blockquote>
* In short, one should say what is true; and what is agreeable; one should not say what is true, but disagreeable; nor should one say what is agreeable, but untrue; this is the eternal dharma. What is (not) well, one should call 'well'; or simply say 'well'; one should not create needless enmity or dispute with any one. (Manu. Smrt. 4.138 and 139).<ref name=":3" />
<blockquote>भद्रं भद्रं इति ब्रूयाद्भद्रं इत्येव वा वदेत् । शुष्कवैरं विवादं च न कुर्यात्केन चित्सह || ४.१३९ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>bhadraṁ bhadraṁ iti brūyādbhadraṁ ityeva vā vadet । śuṣkavairaṁ vivādaṁ ca na kuryātkena citsaha || 4.139 ||</blockquote>In this context, the Manusmriti also enumerates on the fruits of [[Adharma (अधर्मः)|Adharma]] and the fate of those following the path of Adharma.
*In short, one should say what is true; and what is agreeable; one should not say what is true, but disagreeable; nor should one say what is agreeable, but untrue; this is the eternal dharma. What is (not) well, one should call 'well'; or simply say 'well'; one should not create needless enmity or dispute with any one. (Manu. Smrt. 4.138 and 139).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>भद्रं भद्रं इति ब्रूयाद्भद्रं इत्येव वा वदेत् । शुष्कवैरं विवादं च न कुर्यात्केन चित्सह || ४.१३९ ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>bhadraṁ bhadraṁ iti brūyādbhadraṁ ityeva vā vadet । śuṣkavairaṁ vivādaṁ ca na kuryātkena citsaha || 4.139 ||</blockquote>
==आत्माश्रयः ॥ Self-reliance==
==आत्माश्रयः ॥ Self-reliance==
*One should carefully avoid every such act as is dependent upon others; such acts as are dependent upon oneself, every one of those one should eagerly pursue. Because, all that is dependent on others is painful; all that is dependent on oneself is pleasing; one should know this to be, in short, the definition of pleasure and pain. (Manu. Smrt. 4.159 and 160).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>यद्यत्परवशं कर्म तत्तद्यत्नेन वर्जयेत् । यद्यदात्मवशं तु स्यात्तत्तत्सेवेत यत्नतः || ४.१५९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>सर्वं परवशं दुःखं सर्वं आत्मवशं सुखम् । एतद्विद्यात्समासेन लक्षणं सुखदुःखयोः || ४.१६० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>yadyatparavaśaṁ karma tattadyatnena varjayet । yadyadātmavaśaṁ tu syāttattatseveta yatnataḥ || 4.159 ||</blockquote><blockquote>sarvaṁ paravaśaṁ duḥkhaṁ sarvaṁ ātmavaśaṁ sukham । etadvidyātsamāsena lakṣaṇaṁ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ || 4.160 ||</blockquote>
*One should carefully avoid every such act as is dependent upon others; such acts as are dependent upon oneself, every one of those one should eagerly pursue. Because, all that is dependent on others is painful; all that is dependent on oneself is pleasing; one should know this to be, in short, the definition of pleasure and pain. (Manu. Smrt. 4.159 and 160).<ref name=":3" /><blockquote>यद्यत्परवशं कर्म तत्तद्यत्नेन वर्जयेत् । यद्यदात्मवशं तु स्यात्तत्तत्सेवेत यत्नतः || ४.१५९ ||</blockquote><blockquote>सर्वं परवशं दुःखं सर्वं आत्मवशं सुखम् । एतद्विद्यात्समासेन लक्षणं सुखदुःखयोः || ४.१६० ||<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>yadyatparavaśaṁ karma tattadyatnena varjayet । yadyadātmavaśaṁ tu syāttattatseveta yatnataḥ || 4.159 ||</blockquote><blockquote>sarvaṁ paravaśaṁ duḥkhaṁ sarvaṁ ātmavaśaṁ sukham । etadvidyātsamāsena lakṣaṇaṁ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ || 4.160 ||</blockquote>