View source for Bhuta Yajna (भूतयज्ञः)

Bhuta Yajna (Samskrit: भूतयज्ञः) is one of the [[Panchamahayajnas (पञ्चमहायज्ञाः)|Panchamahayajnas]] (पञ्चमहायज्ञ-s | five great yajnas) prescribed to the गृहस्थाश्रमी-s (Grhasthashramis | householders) by the great sages. They are expected to be performed everyday.

== परिचयः ॥ Introduction ==
Also called as Prahuta - प्रहुतो भौतिको बलिः । prahuto bhautiko baliḥ ।, Bhuta Yajna refers to the Bali offering given to the Bhutas - भूतानि बलिकर्मणा | bhūtāni balikarmaṇā । (Manu 3.74 and 3.81 ) <ref name=":0">Manusmrti, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 3]</ref><ref name=":2" />

== बलिविधिक्रमः ॥ The Order of Bali Offering ==
According to [[Manusmrti (मनुस्मृतिः)|Manusmrti]], a Brahmana should perform a homa (give oblation of cooked rice) according to the rules, in the sacred domestic fire destined for the Vaisvadeva for the following deities (Manu 3.84)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
* First to [[Agni (अग्निः)|Agni]], next to [[Soma (सोमः)|Soma]], then to both these gods conjointly, further to all the gods (Vishvedeva), and then to Dhanvantari (Manu 3.85)
* Further to Kuhu (the goddess of the new-moon day), to Anumati (the goddess of the full-moon day), to Prajapati, to Dyava and Prthivi (heaven and earth) conjointly, and finally to Svishtakrit (Manu 3.86)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
[[File:Bali krama 1-page-001.jpg|left|thumb|1147x1147px]]
* In this manner, having duly offered the yajna havis, one is adviced to perform 'pradakshina' (प्रदक्षिणा) in all directions and offer Bali offerings to [[Indra (इन्द्रः)|Indra]], [[Yama Deva (यमदेवः)|Yama]], [[Varuna (वरुणः)|Varuna]], Chandra and their followers (Manu 3.87) 
* Then bali is to be offered to the Maruts at the door of the house, then to water, the pestle and the mortar and the trees.(Manu 3.88)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">Pt. Girija Prasad Dvivedi (1917), [https://archive.org/details/ManusmrtiHindiTranslationGirijaPrasadDvivediNavalKishore The Manusmriti], Lucknow: Naval Kishore Press</ref> 

* The text then describes the place of offering for the following deities:
{| class="wikitable"
!Deity
!Place of Offering
|-
|Sri
|Near the head of Vastu Purusha (Ishana direction)
|-
|Bhadrakali
|Near the foot of the Vastu Purusha (वास्तुपुरुषः) 
|-
|Brahman and Vastoshpati
|In the centre of the house
|}
* One should throw a bali upwards towards the sky for all the gods (Vishvedeva), then to the deities wandering by the day and those by the night. (Manu 3.90)
* In the upper most story of the house, a bali should be offered to Sarvatmabhuti; and remaining bali (from these offerings) should be offered to the pitrus in the southern direction. (Manu 3.91)
* And finally, one is adviced to gently place on the ground (some food) for dogs, outcasts, Chandalas, sinners, diseased, crows, and insects (Manu 3.92)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
== भूतयज्ञफलम् ॥ The Fruit of Bhuta Yajna ==
According to Manusmrti, that Brahmana who honours all beings by observing the Bhuta bali everyday, reaches by a straight road, the most resplendent highest dwelling-place. (Manu 3.93)<ref name=":2" /><blockquote>एवं यः सर्वभूतानि ब्राह्मणो नित्यं अर्चति । स गच्छति परं स्थानं तेजोमूर्तिः पथा र्जुना । । ३.९३ । ।<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><blockquote>evaṁ yaḥ sarvabhūtāni brāhmaṇo nityaṁ arcati । sa gacchati paraṁ sthānaṁ tejomūrtiḥ pathā rjunā । । 3.93 । ।</blockquote>

== श्लोकाः ॥ Verses ==
<blockquote>वैश्वदेवस्य सिद्धस्य गृह्येऽग्नौ विधिपूर्वकम् । आभ्यः कुर्याद्देवताभ्यो ब्राह्मणो होमं अन्वहम् । । ३.८४ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>अग्नेः सोमस्य चैवादौ तयोश्चैव समस्तयोः । विश्वेभ्यश्चैव देवेभ्यो धन्वन्तरय एव च । । ३.८५ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>कुह्वै चैवानुमत्यै च प्रजापतय एव च । सह द्यावापृथिव्योश्च तथा स्विष्टकृतेऽन्ततः । । ३.८६ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>एवं सम्यग्घविर्हुत्वा सर्वदिक्षु प्रदक्षिणम् । इन्द्रान्तकाप्पतीन्दुभ्यः सानुगेभ्यो बलिं हरेत् । । ३.८७ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>मरुद्भ्य इति तु द्वारि क्षिपेदप्स्वद्भ्य इत्यपि । वनस्पतिभ्य इत्येवं मुसलोलूखले हरेत् । । ३.८८ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>उच्छीर्षके श्रियै कुर्याद्भद्रकाल्यै च पादतः । ब्रह्मवास्तोष्पतिभ्यां तु वास्तुमध्ये बलिं हरेत् । । ३.८९ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>विश्वेभ्यश्चैव देवेभ्यो बलिं आकाश उत्क्षिपेत् । दिवाचरेभ्यो भूतेभ्यो नक्तंचारिभ्य एव च । । ३.९० । ।</blockquote><blockquote>पृष्ठवास्तुनि कुर्वीत बलिं सर्वात्मभूतये । पितृभ्यो बलिशेषं तु सर्वं दक्षिणतो हरेत् । । ३.९१ । ।</blockquote><blockquote>शूनां च पतितानां च श्वपचां पापरोगिणाम् । वयसानां कृमीणां च शनकैर्निर्वपेद्भुवि । । ३.९२ । ।</blockquote>Transliteration:<blockquote>vaiśvadevasya siddhasya gr̥hye'gnau vidhipūrvakam । ābhyaḥ kuryāddevatābhyo brāhmaṇo homaṁ anvaham । । 3.84 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>agneḥ somasya caivādau tayoścaiva samastayoḥ । viśvebhyaścaiva devebhyo dhanvantaraya eva ca । । 3.85 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>kuhvai caivānumatyai ca prajāpataya eva ca । saha dyāvāpr̥thivyośca tathā sviṣṭakr̥te'ntataḥ । । 3.86 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>evaṁ samyagghavirhutvā sarvadikṣu pradakṣiṇam । indrāntakāppatīndubhyaḥ sānugebhyo baliṁ haret । । 3.87 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>marudbhya iti tu dvāri kṣipedapsvadbhya ityapi । vanaspatibhya ityevaṁ musalolūkhale haret । । 3.88 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>ucchīrṣake śriyai kuryādbhadrakālyai ca pādataḥ । brahmavāstoṣpatibhyāṁ tu vāstumadhye baliṁ haret । । 3.89 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>viśvebhyaścaiva devebhyo baliṁ ākāśa utkṣipet । divācarebhyo bhūtebhyo naktaṁcāribhya eva ca । । 3.90 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>pr̥ṣṭhavāstuni kurvīta baliṁ sarvātmabhūtaye । pitr̥bhyo baliśeṣaṁ tu sarvaṁ dakṣiṇato haret । । 3.91 । ।</blockquote><blockquote>śūnāṁ ca patitānāṁ ca śvapacāṁ pāparogiṇām । vayasānāṁ kr̥mīṇāṁ ca śanakairnirvapedbhuvi । । 3.92 । ।</blockquote>

== References ==

[[Category:Yajnas]]
[[Category:Dharmas]]