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These despondent queries of Arjuna are elaborated in the first chapter of the Bhagavad Gita called Arjuna Vishada Yoga.

These despondent queries of Arjuna are elaborated in the first chapter of the Bhagavad Gita called Arjuna Vishada Yoga.

== Summary of the First Chapter ==

== अध्यायसारः ॥ Summary of the First Chapter ==

The 5th verse of Gitartha Samgraha by Yamunacharya summerises the chapter one of the Gita.<blockquote>अस्थानस्नेहकार्पण्यधर्माधर्मधियाऽऽकुलम् । पार्थं प्रपन्नमुद्दिश्य शास्त्रावतरणं कृतम् ॥ ५ ॥<ref>[http://www.acharya.org/sloka/alavandar/gsa-skt.pdf Sri Gitartha Samgraha]</ref></blockquote><blockquote>asthānasnehakārpaṇyadharmādharmadhiyā<nowiki>''</nowiki>kulam । pārthaṁ prapannamuddiśya śāstrāvataraṇaṁ kr̥tam ॥ 5 ॥ </blockquote>Meaning: Arjuna saw the dear relatives like Bhima, Masters (a''charyas'') like Drona assembled opposite him to engage in battle with him.  Arjuna's love and compassion (''Daya'') for them overflowed although they had no fitness for that display of affection.  As a result, Arjuna concluded that the righteous war with them befitting his status as a Kshathriya was unrighteous (''Adharma'').  He was overcome with weakness.  He threw down his bow and arrows and sat down with dejection at the foot of his chariot. Next, Arjuna appealed to Lord, his charioteer to show him the right way.  With smile on His face, Lord Parthasarathy (Sri Krishna) commenced His teaching (''upadesha'') for Arjuna on the real nature of the embodied soul (''Svarupams'' of ''Jivatma''), of the Supreme Soul or God (''Paramatma''), the means to reach God (''Paramatma)'' and related esoteric meanings of Vedanta.  Lord's teaching (''upadesha'') was like nectar for Arjuna and easy to understand.<ref>http://www.yogakshemam.net/English/IndianPhilosophy/GitarthaSangraha.html#_Toc174119363</ref>

The 5th verse of Gitartha Samgraha by Yamunacharya summerises the chapter one of the Gita.<blockquote>अस्थानस्नेहकार्पण्यधर्माधर्मधियाऽऽकुलम् । पार्थं प्रपन्नमुद्दिश्य शास्त्रावतरणं कृतम् ॥ ५ ॥<ref>[http://www.acharya.org/sloka/alavandar/gsa-skt.pdf Sri Gitartha Samgraha]</ref></blockquote><blockquote>asthānasnehakārpaṇyadharmādharmadhiyā<nowiki>''</nowiki>kulam । pārthaṁ prapannamuddiśya śāstrāvataraṇaṁ kr̥tam ॥ 5 ॥ </blockquote>Meaning: Arjuna saw the dear relatives like Bhima, Masters (a''charyas'') like Drona assembled opposite him to engage in battle with him.  Arjuna's love and compassion (''Daya'') for them overflowed although they had no fitness for that display of affection.  As a result, Arjuna concluded that the righteous war with them befitting his status as a Kshathriya was unrighteous (''Adharma'').  He was overcome with weakness.  He threw down his bow and arrows and sat down with dejection at the foot of his chariot. Next, Arjuna appealed to Lord, his charioteer to show him the right way.  With smile on His face, Lord Parthasarathy (Sri Krishna) commenced His teaching (''upadesha'') for Arjuna on the real nature of the embodied soul (''Svarupams'' of ''Jivatma''), of the Supreme Soul or God (''Paramatma''), the means to reach God (''Paramatma)'' and related esoteric meanings of Vedanta.  Lord's teaching (''upadesha'') was like nectar for Arjuna and easy to understand.<ref>http://www.yogakshemam.net/English/IndianPhilosophy/GitarthaSangraha.html#_Toc174119363</ref>

== Background of the Gita ==

== गीतायाः पार्श्वभूमिः ॥ Background of the Gita ==

The Gita begins with the words of Dhritarashtra. <blockquote>धृतराष्ट्र उवाच | धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः । मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय ॥१-१॥<ref name=":2">Bhagavad Gita, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83 Chapter 1].</ref></blockquote><blockquote>dhr̥tarāṣṭra uvāca | dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ । māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata saṁjaya ॥1-1॥</blockquote>Meaning: Dhritarashtra said: What did the sons of Pandu and also my people do when they had assembled together, eager for battle on the holy plain of Kurukshetra, O Sanjaya?<ref name=":0" />

The Gita begins with the words of Dhritarashtra. <blockquote>धृतराष्ट्र उवाच | धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः । मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय ॥१-१॥<ref name=":2">Bhagavad Gita, [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83 Chapter 1].</ref></blockquote><blockquote>dhr̥tarāṣṭra uvāca | dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ । māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata saṁjaya ॥1-1॥</blockquote>Meaning: Dhritarashtra said: What did the sons of Pandu and also my people do when they had assembled together, eager for battle on the holy plain of Kurukshetra, O Sanjaya?<ref name=":0" />