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Line 37: − + − चत्वारिवाक परिमितापदानितानि विदुर्ब्राह्मणाये मनीषिणः| गुहा तरीणि निहिता नेङगयन्ति तुरीयं वाचो मनुष्या वदन्ति || (Rig. Veda. 1.164.45) + − − The cows hidden in caves at a lofty mountainous location could be traced by the intelligent rishis. It is explained that the divine speech of Vedas has one such special power wherein one who is engaged in the vedic study such a jnani (similar to Angirasa) by the power of Vedas is able to 'experience and see’. Such knowledge which can be experienced by concept is called Sarama. − − − # SaramA and the PaNis: A Mythological Theme in the Rigveda from the site http://voiceofdharma.org/books/rig/ch10.htm http://www.transliteral.org/dictionary/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80/word − # http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rvsan/rv07055.htm
→References
== व्युत्पत्तिः || Etymology ==
== व्युत्पत्तिः || Etymology ==
* Maharshi Yaska defines Sarama as सरमा सरणात् । (Nirukti 11.24)<ref>Nirukta ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 11])</ref>
* Maharshi Yaska defines Sarama as सरमा सरणात् । (Nirukti 11.24)<ref>Nirukta ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83 Adhyaya 11])</ref>
It means One who moves very fast or walks very fast.
It means One who moves forward very fast or walks very fast.
* According to Brahmanda purana,<ref>Brahmanda Puranam ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AD Madhyamabhaga Adhyaya 7])</ref>
* According to Brahmanda purana,<ref>Brahmanda Puranam ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A5%AD Madhyamabhaga Adhyaya 7])</ref>
क्रोधायाः कन्यका जज्ञे द्वादशैवात्मसंभवाः । ता भार्या पुलहस्यासन्नामतो मे निबोधत ॥ २,७.१७१ ॥ (Brah. Pura. 2.7.171)
क्रोधायाः कन्यका जज्ञे द्वादशैवात्मसंभवाः । ता भार्या पुलहस्यासन्नामतो मे निबोधत ॥ २,७.१७१ ॥ (Brah. Pura. 2.7.171) मृगी च मृगमन्दा च हरिभद्रा त्विरावती । भूता च कपिशा दंष्ट्रा ऋषा तिर्या तथैव च ॥ २,७.१७२ ॥ (Brah. Pura. 2.7.172) श्वेता च सरमा चैव सुरसा चेति विश्रुता । मृग्यास्तु हरिगाः पुत्रा मृगश्चान्ये शशास्तथा ॥ २,७.१७३ ॥ (Brah. Pura. 2.7.173)
मृगी च मृगमन्दा च हरिभद्रा त्विरावती । भूता च कपिशा दंष्ट्रा ऋषा तिर्या तथैव च ॥ २,७.१७२ ॥ (Brah. Pura. 2.7.172)
श्वेता च सरमा चैव सुरसा चेति विश्रुता । मृग्यास्तु हरिगाः पुत्रा मृगश्चान्ये शशास्तथा ॥ २,७.१७३ ॥ (Brah. Pura. 2.7.173)
Meaning : Sarama was one of the 12 daughters of Kashyapa and Krodha. They became the wives of Pulaha. Their names are Mrigi, Mrigamanda, Haribhadra, Iravati, Bhuta, Kapisha, Damshtra, Rsha, Tirya, Sveta, Sarama, Surasa. They were all well renowned. The progeny of Mrigi are the deers, antilopes and rabbits (Page 452 of Reference 4<ref name=":1">Tagare, G. V. (1958) [https://archive.org/details/BrahmandaPuranaG.V.TagarePart2 Brahmanda Purana (Madhyabhaga Upodghatabhaga) English Translation, Part 3] Delhi : Motilal Banarsidass </ref>).
Meaning : Sarama was one of the 12 daughters of Kashyapa and Krodha. They became the wives of Pulaha. Their names are Mrigi, Mrigamanda, Haribhadra, Iravati, Bhuta, Kapisha, Damshtra, Rsha, Tirya, Sveta, Sarama, Surasa. They were all well renowned. The progeny of Mrigi are the deers, antilopes and rabbits (Page 452 of Reference 4<ref name=":1">Tagare, G. V. (1958) [https://archive.org/details/BrahmandaPuranaG.V.TagarePart2 Brahmanda Purana (Madhyabhaga Upodghatabhaga) English Translation, Part 3] Delhi : Motilal Banarsidass </ref>).
Meaning : Sarama gave birth to Dyuloka and Laloha.(Page 474 of Reference 4<ref name=":1" />)
Meaning : Sarama gave birth to Dyuloka and Laloha.(Page 474 of Reference 4<ref name=":1" />)
== Legend of Sarama || सरमा ==
== Legend of Sarama || सरमा ==
In the Rigveda mantra Sarama is glorified thus<blockquote>विश्वे अस्या व्युषि माहिनायाः सं यद्गोभिरङ्गिरसो नवन्त | उत्स आसां परमे सधस्थ ऋतस्य पथा सरमा विदद्गाः || (Rig Veda 5.45.8)</blockquote>'''Meaning''' : During the dawn hours when the sacred Usha rises along with her rays, all Angirasas took the milk flowing from cow’s udders and placed it at a lofty position to offer in yajnas. Sarama by traveling on the path of the yajna with the knowledge of ऋत || rta recognized and found the cows.
In the Rigveda mantra Sarama is glorified thus<blockquote>विश्वे अस्या व्युषि माहिनायाः सं यद्गोभिरङ्गिरसो नवन्त | उत्स आसां परमे सधस्थ ऋतस्य पथा सरमा विदद्गाः || (Rig Veda 5.45.8)<ref name=":2">Rig Veda ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82_%E0%A5%AB.%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%AB Mandala 5, Sukta 45])</ref></blockquote>'''Meaning''' : During the dawn hours when the sacred Usha rises along with her rays, all Angirasas took the milk flowing from cow’s udders and placed it at a lofty position to offer in yajnas. Sarama by traveling on the path of the yajna with the knowledge of ऋत || rta recognized and found the cows.
'''Esoteric Meaning''' :Here the cows are considered as transcendental knowledge and their moving about for grazing during उषः काल || ushah kala (morning hours) is called the time for ज्ञानोदय || jnanodaya (awakening of knowledge). For Angirasa to receive this knowledge, Sarama was very important and Sarama moves on into the path of rtasatya, (satyavrita) with greater speed and ahead of everyone she was able to locate the cows. This is Sarama’s rta path or the path of truth. She who moves very fast can understand the deepest place where ज्ञान || jnana (wisdom) is hidden through fragrance (sruthi is compared to fragrance).<ref>Narayanacharya, K. S. (2011). ''Veda Sanskritiya Parichaya, Part I''. Hubli:Sahitya Prakashana.</ref>
'''Esoteric Meaning''' :Here the cows are considered as transcendental knowledge and their moving about for grazing during उषः काल || ushah kala (morning hours) is called the time for ज्ञानोदय || jnanodaya (awakening of knowledge). For Angirasa to receive this knowledge, Sarama was very important and Sarama moves on into the path of rtasatya, (satyavrita) with greater speed and ahead of everyone she was able to locate the cows. This is Sarama’s rta path or the path of truth. She who moves very fast can understand the deepest place where ज्ञान || jnana (wisdom) is hidden through fragrance (sruthi is compared to fragrance).<ref name=":3">Narayanacharya, K. S. (2011). ''Veda Sanskritiya Parichaya, Part I''. Hubli:Sahitya Prakashana.</ref>
In the previous mantra, Sarama and her work is explained <blockquote>अनूनोदत्र हस्तयतो अद्रिरार्चन्येन दश मासो नवग्वाः । ऋतं यती सरमा गा अविन्दद्विश्वानि सत्याङ्गिराश्चकार ॥७॥ (Rig Veda 5.45.7)</blockquote>'''Meaning''' : Here, urged by hands, loudly rang the pressing stone (using which Somarasa is prepared) which was worshipped by Navagvas by offering archana and singing songs of praise for ten months. In this yajna, Sarama obtained the knowledge of the songs, and Angiras gave effect to all their labors.
In the previous mantra, Sarama and her work is explained <blockquote>अनूनोदत्र हस्तयतो अद्रिरार्चन्येन दश मासो नवग्वाः । ऋतं यती सरमा गा अविन्दद्विश्वानि सत्याङ्गिराश्चकार ॥७॥ (Rig Veda 5.45.7)<ref name=":2" /></blockquote>'''Meaning''' : Here, urged by hands, loudly rang the pressing stone (using which Somarasa is prepared) which was worshipped by Navagvas by offering archana and singing songs of praise for ten months. In this yajna, Sarama obtained the knowledge of the songs, and Angiras gave effect to all their labors.<ref name=":3" />
== Loyalty of Sarama ==
== Loyalty of Sarama ==
== संवादः || Discussion ==
== संवादः || Discussion ==
Rig veda explains that Vak exists in four forms, three of which are hidden and are comprehensible to only the jnanis and the fourth is what men speak
Rig veda explains that Vak exists in four forms, three of which are hidden and are comprehensible to only the jnanis and the fourth is what men speak<blockquote>चत्वारिवाक परिमितापदानितानि विदुर्ब्राह्मणाये मनीषिणः| गुहा तरीणि निहिता नेङगयन्ति तुरीयं वाचो मनुष्या वदन्ति || (Rig. Veda. 1.164.45)</blockquote>The cows hidden in caves at a lofty mountainous location could be traced by the intelligent rishis. It is explained that the divine speech of Vedas has one such special power wherein one who is engaged in the vedic study such a jnani (similar to Angirasa) by the power of Vedas is able to 'experience and see’. Such knowledge which can be experienced by concept is called Sarama.
Therefore here the ज्ञान || jnana is compared to the fragrance of the स्रुथि || sruthi which can be recognized by the transcendental senses. In this way recognition of fragrance by श्वन || shvana (Indra’s dog) is important.<ref name=":3" />
Therefore here the ज्ञान || jnana is compared to the fragrance of the स्रुथि || sruthi which can be recognized by the transcendental senses. In this way recognition of fragrance by श्वन || shvana (Indra’s dog) is important.
== References ==
== References ==