8,090
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 62:
Line 62: + + + + + + + + +
Brahmatattva (ब्रह्मतत्वम्) (view source)
Revision as of 01:03, 17 August 2019
, 01:03, 17 August 2019→Three Aspects of Brahman: added content
Shankara Bhasyam:<blockquote>आह च श्रुतिः चैतन्यमात्रं विलक्षणरूपान्तररहितं निर्विशेषं ब्रह्म स यथा सैन्धवघनोऽनन्तरोऽबाह्यः कृत्स्नो रसघन एवैवं वा अरेऽयमात्मानन्तरोऽबाह्यः कृत्स्नः प्रज्ञानघन एव इति।</blockquote>The Upanishad also declares that Brahman is pure consciousness (चैतन्यमात्रं) devoid of other aspects contrary to this (विलक्षणरूपान्तररहितं), and without any distinguishing feature (निर्विशेषं). This means that the Self has no internal or external aspect apart from Pure Consciousness. Its nature is mere impartible consciousness without intervening intervals.<ref>Swami Gambhirananda. (1956) ''Brahma-Sutra-Bhashya of Sri Sankaracarya.'' Almora : Advaita Ashrama (Pages 613-614)</ref> The Upanishad referred to here is the Brhdaranyaka Upanishad (4.5.13).
Shankara Bhasyam:<blockquote>आह च श्रुतिः चैतन्यमात्रं विलक्षणरूपान्तररहितं निर्विशेषं ब्रह्म स यथा सैन्धवघनोऽनन्तरोऽबाह्यः कृत्स्नो रसघन एवैवं वा अरेऽयमात्मानन्तरोऽबाह्यः कृत्स्नः प्रज्ञानघन एव इति।</blockquote>The Upanishad also declares that Brahman is pure consciousness (चैतन्यमात्रं) devoid of other aspects contrary to this (विलक्षणरूपान्तररहितं), and without any distinguishing feature (निर्विशेषं). This means that the Self has no internal or external aspect apart from Pure Consciousness. Its nature is mere impartible consciousness without intervening intervals.<ref>Swami Gambhirananda. (1956) ''Brahma-Sutra-Bhashya of Sri Sankaracarya.'' Almora : Advaita Ashrama (Pages 613-614)</ref> The Upanishad referred to here is the Brhdaranyaka Upanishad (4.5.13).
== Three Aspects of Brahman ==
Although Brahman is untouched by the phenomenal world and is independent, still the Jagat is not independent of It. On the very Brahman remain established the three, viz., the enjoyer (the individual Atma), the enjoyable things and the enjoyment.
Many Upanishads support the concept that Brahman (unconditioned) is the substratum/excellent stable establishment for the universe (Kathopanishad 1.2.1, 2.2.8, Brhadaranyaka Upanishad 2.5.15, 4.4.17, Mundaka 2.2.2, Taittriya 3.10.3 and others).
Shvetashvatara Upanishad describes three aspects of Brahman<blockquote>ज्ञाज्ञौ द्वावजावीशनीशावजा ह्येका भोक्तृभोग्यार्थयुक्ता ।अनन्तश्चात्मा विश्वरूपो ह्यकर्ता त्रयं यदा विन्दते ब्रह्ममेतत् ॥ ९ ॥ (Shve. Upan. 1.9)</blockquote>They two, (Isha, the internal ruler and Anisha, the ruled) are both birthless and are all-knowing (jna) and ignorant (ajna), almighty and powerless respectively. The birthless one,भोक्तृभोग्यार्थयुक्ता (Maya) is employed for bringing into being the enjoyer, the enjoyable and the enjoyment. The Self is infinite since It has the universe as Its appearance; It is not an agent (Akarta). One who realizes the three (Isha, Anisha and Bhoktrubhogyarthayukta) as Brahman becomes free.<ref name=":22">Swami Gambhirananda (2009 Fourth Edition) ''Svetasvara Upanishad With the Commentary of Sankaracharya.'' Kolkata: Advaita Ashrama (Pages 80-94)</ref><blockquote>भोक्ता भोग्यं प्रेरितारं च मत्वा सर्वं प्रोक्तं त्रिविधं ब्रह्ममेतत् ॥ १२ ॥ (Shve. Upan. 1.12)<ref>Shvetashvatara Upanishad ([https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4 Adhyaya 1])</ref></blockquote>Bhokta (भोक्ता । the enjoyer) the individual Atma, Bhogyam (भोग्यं । the things of enjoyment) and Preritaram (प्रेरितारं । the Supreme) - that have been said to be the three kinds of Brahman.
In the commentary of the above lines, jna, ajna and Bhoktrubhogyarthayukta are equated to Iswara, jiva and prakriti (i.e. Maya).<ref name=":22" />
== References ==
== References ==